Quite a few years ago, during several discussions with a friend of mine at the Rec Center at Ramstein in Germany, I came to the conclusion that there were two basic forms of government, whatever the conventional name might be. Democracy, republic, monarchy, dictatorship, what have you — all can be categorized, depending on how it treats its people, as either an umbrella or an octopus.
To me, the categories are pretty self-evident. An umbrella government is one which is limited to the functions that the people can’t carry out at all, or can’t carry out efficiently, such as protection from foreign or domestic enemies (military and police) and large-scale infrastructure. An octopus government, on the other hand, is one that has its tentacles wrapped around the people and groping into their pocketbooks.
The octopus not only does the umbrella functions (though usually less well because its tentacles keep tangling up with each other), it continually grows, wrapping its tentacles more and more tightly about its people to control them in more and more ways.
Unfortunately, the umbrella can easily morph into an octopus unless the support ribs beginning to extend themselves can be trimmed back as soon as they start to go beyond their bounds. If this task is neglected, it’s only a matter of time until the tentacles begin encroaching on what the umbrella used to protect, and the octopus develops a head (bureaucracy) devoted to increasing the size of the beast and eventually suck the life out of what has become the host to a monstrous parasite. (My apologies here to real octopi, who are actually rather shy and retiring creatures, not at all parasitic.)
My friend argued that all governments covering a large area or population were, of necessity, octopus-types and Bad by definition. I held (and still hold) that the size of the governed area has no direct correlation on its intrusiveness, and that a larger area for a given population may very well correlate to less intrusiveness, simply as a matter of practicality.
A large population in a small area does need more laws than a small population in a large area, simply because something that won’t even be noticed from a neighbor a quarter mile away may be intolerable if that same neighbor is only a wall away. If the guy across the cornfield plays his radio at 100 decibels, who’s going to hear it? But if the guy less than two feet away, with only a thin wall between, does — it’s call the cops time.
And that’s assuming very similar external conditions. Make those as different as New York City’s and Los Angeles’s, and even two very densely populated areas will require different laws. Los Angeles snow and New York earthquakes are about equally rare, so making New York build to Los Angeles earthquake codes or Los Angeles have to have New York’s amount of snow removal equipment would be foolish. And a village in Siberia is going to have very different laws from a village in the Amazon jungle.
So even the worst octopus can’t have the same laws for everyone, at least not effectively. And the larger it gets in area and environmental variation, the less it will be able to control. One of the most prevalent government desires worldwide is to eliminate individual weapons, especially firearms. (Actually, eliminating anything a substantial number of people want is impossible, but just for the sake of argument …)
To the best of my knowledge, at this point Britain has the most draconic weapon control laws on the planet, eliminating not only guns but swords and sharp knives. (They also apparently outlaw any self-defense, which is totally against human nature, which means they won’t last long; most people aren’t suicidal. But I’m getting partially off the subject.)
Let’s say the UN takes global power, and tries to spread the British laws worldwide. It simply won’t work, even disregarding the U.S., where a lot of people will “lose” anything that’s being outlawed. There are a lot of places worldwide where weapons are a matter of life and death … and crude but very effective weapons are easy to make. Someone out to kill a feral pig (say in rural east Texas) may not be able to get a fancy rifle, but he can still make an effective boar spear, and train dogs to drive the boar.
Freedom under an octopus government will certainly become far more difficult to find or make, and a great many people won’t be able to achieve it again (including me, given my age and health), but eventually the octopus will be killed, and the survivors will recreate an umbrella.
Back, very briefly, to the discussions that brought this post about. My friend argued that there was no way to keep the octopus from taking over, once it got started, but I’m still convinced it can and has been done. Only once, and not until the octopus was robbed of ways to physically enforce its decrees, but it has happened, and this particular octopus indeed deserves credit for preserving Western civilzation. I am so convinced of this that I borrowed its top structure as the basic government of my Terran Empire.